The 2020 Open Source Security and Risk Analysis (OSSRA) report revealed that 99% of the codebases audited over the past year contain at least one open source component, with open source comprising 70% of the code overall.
Notable is the continued widespread use of aging or abandoned open source components, with 91% of the codebases containing components that either were more than four years out of date or had seen no development activity in the last two years.
The most concerning trend in this year’s analysis is the mounting security risk posed by unmanaged open source, with 75% of audited codebases containing open source components with known security vulnerabilities, up from 60% the previous year. Similarly, 49% of the codebases contained high-risk vulnerabilities, compared to 40% just 12 months prior.
“It’s difficult to dismiss the vital role that open source plays in modern software development and deployment, but it’s easy to overlook how it impacts your application risk posture from a security and license compliance perspective,” said Tim Mackey, principal security strategist of the Synopsys Cybersecurity Research Centre.
From the report, he noted continued struggles by organisations to effectively track and manage their open source risk. Maintaining an accurate inventory of third-party software components, including open source dependencies, and keeping it up to date is a key starting point to address application risk on multiple levels.
Other findings:
- Open source adoption continues to soar. Ninety-nine per cent of codebases contain at least some open-source, with an average of 445 open source components per codebase — a significant increase from 298 in 2018. Seventy per cent of the audited code was identified as open-source, a figure that increased from 60% in 2018 and has nearly doubled since 2015 (36%).
- Outdated and “abandoned” open source components are pervasive. Ninety-one per cent of codebases contained components that either was more than four years out of date or had no development activity in the past two years. Beyond the increased likelihood that security vulnerabilities exist, the risk of using outdated open source components is that updating them can also introduce unwanted functionality or compatibility issues.
- The use of vulnerable open source components is trending upward again. In 2019, the percentage of codebases containing vulnerable open source components rose to 75% after dropping from 78% to 60% between 2017 and 2018. Similarly, the percentage of codebases containing high-risk vulnerabilities jumped up to 49% in 2019 from 40% in 2018. Fortunately, none of the codebases audited in 2019 were impacted by the infamous Heartbleed bug or the Apache Struts vulnerability that haunted Equifax in 2017.
- Open source license conflicts continue to put intellectual property at risk. Despite its reputation for being “free,” open-source software is no different from any other software in that its use is governed by a license. Sixty-eight per cent of codebases contained some form of open source license conflict, and 33% contained open source components with no identifiable license. The prevalence of license conflicts varied significantly by industry, ranging from a high of 93% (Internet & Mobile Apps) to a relatively low of 59% (Virtual Reality, Gaming, Entertainment, Media).
