Canalys defines cloud infrastructure services as services that provide infrastructure as a service and platform as a service, either on dedicated hosted private infrastructure or shared infrastructure. This excludes software as a service expenditure directly, but includes revenue generated from the infrastructure services being consumed to host and operate them.
Cloud infrastructure services spend in China jumped 55% in Q1 2021, reaching US$6.0 billion. Total expenditure increased US$2.1 billion compared with Q1 2020 and over US$200 million on the previous quarter according to the latest Canalys data.
The dollar-for-dollar annual expansion slowed on a sequential basis, highlighting some disruption to the Chinese cloud service providers’ businesses. But cloud infrastructure services growth in China continued to outpace the rest of the world, supported by the government making it a top strategic priority.
Key factors fuelling investment included rapid economic growth and an increased focus on digital transformation following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Overall, China was the second largest market after the US, accounting for 14% of global investment, up from 12% in Q1 2020. The top four cloud service providers accounted for over 80% of total expenditure.
“Digital services, including everything from digital payments and content to customer and social engagement and remote learning, are key drivers behind the demand for cloud infrastructure services in China,” said Canalys analyst Blake Murray.
One year on from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, cloud service providers in the country have enabled the acceleration of the government’s and other organizations’ digital agendas, while compressing multiple years of transformation plans into much shorter timeframes.
They were able to build critical relationships with customers early in the pandemic to support rapid digital transformation.
Now they are investing heavily to increase their capacity, develop cloud-based databases, storage and compute capabilities to replace on-premises IT infrastructure, enable a broad developer ecosystem for cloud-native development, and extend cloud and AI to all industries.
China's top 4 cloud players
Alibaba Cloud led the market with a 40% share, though its growth slowed to 38% in the quarter. This is the result of a large customer terminating its contract to adhere to data sovereignty requirements outside of China. It also came under scrutiny by China’s State Administration of Market Regulation in other parts of its business, which resulted in an anti-monopoly fine issued in April.
Huawei Cloud made the most gains during the quarter, growing 116% to take a 20% market share. It grew strongly thanks to Internet customers and government projects, as well as key wins in the automotive sector. It is currently building its largest data centre facility in Gui’an to provide services in Southwest China.
Tencent was third with a 14% share. It expanded in healthcare, retail, education and transportation. It also increased its focus on enterprise opportunities by establishing a SaaS ecosystem program and launching the Enterprise App Connector to simplify management of multiple SaaS products.
Baidu AI Cloud was the fourth largest cloud service provider, accounting for 7% of total spend in Q1 2021. It had ongoing success with large financial service customers, and also grew in the government, enterprise, Internet, transportation and healthcare sectors.
“2021 will be a growth year for cloud services in China due to the continued expansion of online services, digitalization of processes and operations, and investment across industries, enterprises and government sectors. This will increase use cases and heighten the value proposition of cloud services,” said chief analyst Matthew Ball.
Chinese providers will also extend their reach beyond the domestic market and export their cloud services worldwide to accelerate digital transformation in other parts of the Asia Pacific region, and Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
But they will have to meet the ongoing challenges presented by local data sovereignty laws and highly customized industry-specific needs. Attracting local developer ecosystems, enabling SMBs to adopt cloud services and working with governments, in addition to building data centres, will be critical to their success.
